Dr. Pankaj Hans is an expert laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeon, Gallstones & Gallbladder Removal Surgeon in Faridabad, Delhi

Gall Bladder: The gall bladder is a small pear-shaped organ, that sits underneath the liver, on the right side of the abdomen. Its main purpose is to store and concentrate bile produced by the liver. Bile is released from the gallbladder after eating, aiding digestion. Bile travels through common bile ducts (CBD) into the small intestine. 

Gall Bladder Stones: Gallstones are crystalline masses formed abnormally in the gall bladder or bile ducts from bile pigments, cholesterol, and calcium salts. When the wall of the gallbladder is diseased then it produces stones and polyps. Gallstones can cause severe pain or blockage of the bile duct.

Gall Bladder Inflammation/ Cholecystitis: Cholecystitis is defined as inflammation of the gall bladder. Most commonly this happens when the flow of bile is stopped or interrupted due to stones (90%) or if an infection of the biliary tract occurs.

The usual symptoms of cholecystitis are:

• Severe abdominal pain
• Fever
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• This attack may follow a large fatty meal

Reasons for Gall Bladder Stone Formation

• When the gall bladder becomes dysfunctional and does not pump bile periodically after taking meals.
• Conditions like:
  • Overweight and Obesity
  • Pregnancy
  • Females taking birth control pills and Hormone replacement therapy are more likely to form gallbladder stones
• People who have biliary infections can develop gallstones.
• Individuals with hereditary blood disorders such as sickle cell anemia are more likely to form pigment stones.
• Excessive dieting and consuming certain cholesterol-reducing drugs can also increase the risk of gallstone formation.
• Recurrent severe abdominal pain or vomiting.

The complication of Gall Bladder Stones

• Jaundice due to blockage of the common bile duct due to stones.
• Acute pancreatitis (swelling of the pancreas) can have a catastrophic sequel of multi-organ failure and other serious complications. It may be fatal if severe.
• Pus formation in the gallbladder (Empyema).
• Gangrene and perforation of the gallbladder.
• Cholangitis (a life-threatening infection of the biliary system).
• Associated with Cancer of the gallbladder in the long term.

Treatment

The symptomatic stones and diseased gallbladder should be removed by a surgical procedure called Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (Gold Standard).

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy or Keyhole surgery is done with 4 small holes in the patient’s body. The operation is done after introducing a long and thin telescope into the abdomen that comes with a lens and a tiny light lamp at the tip which is connected to the camera on the monitor outside. Surgery is done using long and thin instruments. During the surgery, the surgeon monitors the positioning of the Gall bladder. Then, with other small surgical equipment, the gall bladder is separated from all the adjacent structures and the liver and is taken out along with gallstones. Sometimes if the gallstone is big then they are broken down and taken out.

Post Surgery Care

• The patient is kept under observation for a few hours and then shifted to the room.
• The patient is allowed to drink oral liquids on the same day of surgery.
• The patient is allowed to move on its own as soon as possible after the surgery.
• Generally, the patient is discharged on the next day of the surgery depending on the clinical condition with the advice of taking bath after 2 days and instructions to change the dressing.
• The patient is advised to visit again after 7 days.
• On discharge, a discharge summary with the advised medication is handed over to the patient along with the date of the first follow-up appointment.
• The round-the-clock helpline is available for any query or any other emergency.

Dr. Pankaj Kumar Hans is one of the Best Laparoscopic, Bariatric, Gastro, Laser, Hernia, Gallbladder, Piles & General surgeons in Faridabad, Delhi NCR with over 16 years of experience.

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